Abstract Intuition is one of the characteristics of entrepreneurs and an important factor in the decision-making processes of entrepreneurs. In recent years, at the same time as the development of entrepreneurship as an interdisciplinary science, intuition and providing different definitions of it have not been noticed by researchers and researchers in this field, and many researches have not been written in this field. This is despite the fact that in other fields of humanities, especially management (with which entrepreneurship is closely related), basic sciences and even medical sciences, there is a suitable background and theoretical literature about this. On the other hand, it seems that the theoretical and epistemological foundations of this concept have not been researched as much as necessary in the few researches that have been conducted, and very little research has been done in this field. In this article, firstly, the definitions and researches about intuition are reviewed, and secondly, the little researches that have been done in entrepreneurship and its relationship with other sciences are discussed.

Each society requires a comprehension, sociability, and acculturation of the concept of development in its components and columns by emerging and training of human resources stemming from the theme of that society to achieve sustainable, balanced, and humane development and also the dynamism and crystallization of the concept of development demand justice and equality of social groups in distributing material and spiritual resources. Also, it is remarkably necessary to pay attention to women and empowering them as one of the central agents that play a role in sustainable development to provide a business environment and its development and can stimulate society towards superiority, considering the human resources capabilities and creating possibilities to develop the business and eliminating its limitations will begin to economic growth and development of society. Hence, this paper aims to study the factors influencing the development of women entrepreneurship in Gilan, and this study has been conducted by survey method. 390 female entrepreneurs were determined as the sample size based on Cochran's formula, and samples were provided by the method of simple random sampling, and samples also were questioned. The results obtained by multiple regression analysis concerning the effect of independent variables on entrepreneurship development present that: managerial and network factors with an influence of 0. 759 have the highest influence on entrepreneurship development, and in the next step, a technological factor with 0. 483, an economic factor with 0. 384, individual-personality factors with 0. 366 and environmental factors with 0. 28, and cultural and social factors with 0. 154 affect the dependent variable of entrepreneurship development, respectively. Generally, the mentioned factors explain 49% of the variance changes in the entrepreneurship variable.

Tourism is recognized as a prominent and dynamic global industry with the potential to generate substantial positive impacts in all nations, particularly in less developed countries, by addressing challenges such as poverty, unemployment, migration, inequality, and even environmental degradation. Consequently, the sustainable development of entrepreneurship within the tourism sector assumes significant importance. In this regard, this qualitative study sought to develop a model of sustainable entrepreneurship within the tourism industry using the grounded theory method. To this end, the required data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 24 managers and experts in entrepreneurship and tourism in Khuzestan province, who were selected via theoretical sampling. The data collection continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. Then, the interview transcripts underwent a three-stage coding process: open, axial, and selective coding. The resultant model was subsequently evaluated by the interviewees using the Delphi method. To assess consensus, a closed-ended questionnaire was developed and administered to the participants, and Kendall's coefficient of concordance was calculated using SPSS software, yielding a value of 0.630, indicating a significant level of agreement and the completion of the Delphi process. The findings of the study, derived from 124 concepts organized into 18 categories and 6 core categories extracted from the interviews, propose a model that elucidates the motivations for engaging in sustainable entrepreneurship in tourism and the factors influencing it. This model offers valuable insights to entrepreneurs, organizations, and related businesses so that they are able to effectively develop and promote sustainable entrepreneurship, enhancing the social well-being of local communities, safeguarding the region's environment, and preserving resources for future generations.

IntroductionIn recent years, the role of social entrepreneurship has increased significantly as a result of the weak efficiency of government institutions in improving living standards in different social sectors. Accordingly, the advantage of social entrepreneurship is focused on the less dependence of companies on financial markets and the less impact of financial crises on them (Palacios-Marqués et al., 2019). The concept of social entrepreneurship lies in the creation of social value and the question of what innovative methodologies, services, or products are chosen to create social change. Most of the social movements are managed by individuals and business groups only to improve the lives of the poor; However, social entrepreneurship is created to create a link between human, social, and sustainable development in societies (Zajda et al., 2023). For the development and expansion of social entrepreneurship in for-profit and non-profit organizations, there are many influential factors and actors. The most important actors of social entrepreneurship success include leadership, planning of social organizations, community interaction, innovative financing, human capital, legal support, and marketing of social organizations (Satar & John, 2019). Meanwhile, factors such as the role of entrepreneurs, networks, and government support are also very influential in the success and sustainability of social entrepreneurship (Bonfanti et al., 2024). Considering the importance of social entrepreneurship in creating productive employment and sustainable wealth, as well as the focus of this field on creating a continuous income stream with minimum reliance on voluntary contributions, this research seeks to answer the question, what are the main factors and actors of social entrepreneurship? And what are the appropriate strategies for the development of social entrepreneurship? Research MethodologyThe current research is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive in terms of nature and method, and qualitative in terms of approach; Therefore, the data collection tool in this research is an exploratory interview. The statistical population of this research includes experts, university professors, entrepreneurship lecturers, entrepreneurs, social entrepreneurs, social activists (NGOs), managers of charity organizations, and all those who are active in social fields, which are included in a non-probable snowball method. And based on the rule of saturation, 15 people have been selected. In this research, Fred R. David's framework, which has three stages, is used for the analysis and formulation of strategies. The first stage, called input, in which the main information needed to develop strategies is specified, includes two internal factors evaluation matrix (IFE) and external factors evaluation matrix (EFE). In the second stage, called the comparison stage, various types of possible strategies are explained, and for this purpose, a kind of balance is established between internal and external factors. The tools of this stage include the threats, opportunities, weaknesses, strengths (SWOT) matrix, and the internal and external (IE) matrix. Finally, the third stage, called the decision stage, uses the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM). In the said matrix, the information provided in the first step is used so that the types of applicable strategies identified in the second step can be evaluated objectively without applying personal opinion. It is worth mentioning that in this research, the triangulation method was used to check the validity of the research findings. Research Findings:Based on Fred R. David's analysis framework, to develop a strategy, one must go through three stages of input, comparison, and decision-making, in each of these stages, matrices are predicted, and finally, based on the findings and results of these matrices, strategies can be explained and prioritized based on the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM). Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) is a suitable tool and technique for strategic planning and integration and prioritization of important internal and external factors. This technique determines which of the selected strategic options are possible and prioritizes these strategies (David et al., 2009).The strategies calculated based on the SWOT matrix include the following strategies, which are summarized from the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM), the prioritization of social entrepreneurship development strategies is shown below (Table 1). According to the average scores of the creation of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to support social entrepreneurship, the best strategy is selected. Table 1. Prioritization of social entrepreneurship development strategiesNoStrategyScore1Creating non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to support social entrepreneurship5.7212Teaching social entrepreneurship from low educational levels5.3773Creating social entrepreneurship foundations in universities5.3314Improving the business environment for social entrepreneurship4.8395Developing laws and regulations to support social entrepreneurs4.6466Providing low-interest banking facilities for social entrepreneurs4.351Source: Researcher's findings Discussion and Conclusion:According to the findings from the interviews and the analysis done on them, it was determined that appropriate strategies should be adopted to enter the field of social entrepreneurship. In this part, based on the prioritization of the strategies, practical suggestions are presented as follows.Facilitating the process of creating non-governmental organizations through the national license portal;Systematic and institutional guidance of the informal economy towards the formal economy with the approach of identifying and supporting social entrepreneurs;Cultivation of social entrepreneurship through education and including courses related to this issue from the primary level of education;Spreading information and increasing the awareness of families through advertisements to strengthen social entrepreneurship in family members;Creating a center of active graduates in the fields of social entrepreneurship and social activities;Holding creativity and innovation training workshops in the field of social entrepreneurship;Planning and taking action to design and implement the "Comprehensive Education and Employment Plan" to harmonize the demands of the labor market with university teachings with a social entrepreneurship approach;Expediting the issuance of required licenses for activities in the field of social entrepreneurship;The possibility of active participation of social entrepreneurs in macro decisions;Developing laws and regulations to support social entrepreneurs;Speeding up the process of approving and communicating the executive regulations of the law on continuous improvement of the business environment in the field of social entrepreneurship;Providing self-employment loans to eligible people to set up social businesses;Providing gratuitous banking facilities for specific areas of social entrepreneurship (such as helping the clients of the relief committee, the disabled, and others).

1- INTRODUCTIONIn the modern era, the development of information and communication technologies has influenced many aspects of human life, complicating and obscuring environmental conditions, rules of engagement, and competitive landscapes. Consequently, organizational survival and sustainability depend on innovation, creativity, and the development of new products and processes. Entrepreneurship stimulates economic growth and creates a favorable economic environment for a nation. This is why governments have prioritized the promotion of entrepreneurship. According to the 2020 Global Entrepreneurship Index report, Iran's entrepreneurship ecosystem is underdeveloped, with an overall entrepreneurship score of only 268. Among the 47 countries in the Middle East region evaluated in this report, Iran ranks 32nd. Given these circumstances, this study aims to formulate a model of factors influencing the development of public-sector entrepreneurship within the Agricultural Jihad Organization of Ilam City, with a focus on enhancing entrepreneurship policy development and achieving entrepreneurial outcomes. It is worth noting that previous research has rarely addressed the formulation of a model for entrepreneurship development within public organizations. This study seeks to identify the variables influencing public-sector entrepreneurship development, presenting them in a model that emphasizes the role of government and is tailored to the specific conditions of the province, while addressing the challenges associated with designing an entrepreneurship development model. 2- THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKGiven the hidden benefits of entrepreneurship and the use of entrepreneurial initiatives in government organizations, the need to identify the components of government entrepreneurship in government organizations is inevitable. There has been little research in the country on the entrepreneurial government. By reviewing the studies mentioned in the research background, entrepreneurship in the government sector has been studied from different perspectives. However, each of these studies has focused on a general view of the subject and only on examining and identifying specific and limited areas of the entrepreneurial government; in such a way that none of the studies conducted so far have presented a local model of the factors affecting the entrepreneurial government, and this indicates a research gap in the field of developing the entrepreneurial government. Now, this study, by analyzing and comparing different models and variables of government entrepreneurship, based on thematic analysis and the Delphi method, has presented a local model for the development of the entrepreneurial government in agricultural Jihad organizations. 3- METHODOLOGYThis study employs a mixed-methods approach and is applied in terms of purpose. In the qualitative phase, the research population included 11 professors and experts actively involved in entrepreneurship in Ilam province. They were selected through purposive sampling, and data were gathered using semi-structured interviews with thematic analysis, continuing until theoretical saturation was achieved. The quantitative phase's population consisted of 215 managers and postgraduate-level experts from the Agricultural Jihad Organization and affiliated institutions in Ilam province. Using Cochran's formula, a sample of 138 participants was selected through simple random sampling, and questionnaires were distributed among them. Data were collected through a researcher-developed questionnaire. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics (structural equation modeling) were utilized, using SPSS23 and Amos23 software. 4- RESULTS & DISCUSSIONThe reliability results (Cronbach's alpha) for the research variables were above 0.78, and the composite reliability (CR) coefficient was also above 0.78. The normality (K-S test) of each variable showed a significance level greater than 0.05. Based on thematic analysis, the indicators were categorized into nine components, and confirmatory factor analysis results indicated that factor loadings for the items were greater than 0.50 and were significant at a 95% confidence level. Convergent validity among the research variables was confirmed based on the average variance extracted (AVE), which was satisfactory. Structural equation modeling was used to validate the relationships between the constructs. According to the model output in the standard estimation mode in Amos, the explanatory relationships of the variables for public-sector entrepreneurship development were confirmed, and the proposed model demonstrated a good fit. 5- CONCLUSIONS & SUGGESTIONSThe findings from the semi-structured interviews, analyzed using thematic analysis and structural equation modeling, confirmed a model consisting of nine components: religious factors, strategic planning, entrepreneurship development policy vision, mission of entrepreneurship policy development, support and sponsorship for entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial values, short-term entrepreneurship goal-setting and planning, entrepreneurship development policy, and entrepreneurship policy-making and development. This model is valuable for policymakers, managers, and stakeholders in entrepreneurship development, especially planners in public organizations like the Agricultural Jihad Organization of Ilam. The proposed model serves as a foundational framework for other institutions, enabling organizational managers to design, implement, and evaluate entrepreneurship development models that align with the micro- and macro-level realities of their organizations and the country as a whole. Public-sector entrepreneurship and related policies represent a complex, multidimensional phenomenon influenced by numerous factors, requiring a systematic, realistic, and long-term approach for implementation at both the organizational and national levels. By addressing the components of this model, organizational capabilities and limitations can be better managed, which may pave the way toward entrepreneurship development within the Agricultural Jihad Organization.

Purpose: The future of the construction industry is increasingly influenced by new technologies. In order to adopt appropriate strategies in facing new technologies, it is necessary to know the possible futures of the construction industry. This research was done with the aim of explaining the technological uncertainties and compiling the future scenarios of the construction industry.  Method: The research method is applied and was carried out with a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. First, the library study was used to determine the technological drivers, then the Structural Analysis was used to explain the technological uncertainties, and finally, the Schwartz method was used to compile the scenarios. The statistical population is experts of construction industry. Findings: Nine technological uncertainties affecting the future of the construction industry have been identified and for each of them, three states of decline, stagnation and progress have been considered. Data analysis by Scenario Wizard shows eight probable scenarios. The portfolio of scenarios including four groups of progress scenarios, towards progress, towards stagnation, and towards wane has been compiled. Conclusion: In the progress scenario, the 89% of uncertainties have developed. In  towards progress, 56% of the factors are in the development status, which indicates the development of the technological factor application. In the stagnation scenario, no progress has been made in the application of uncertainties and they are in a static state. In towards wane, uncertainties have been placed in a situation of reduced use.

Organizational entrepreneurship is a process during which organizations recognize growth and development opportunities and create new values for customers through innovation and resource re-allocation. Besides, a variety of factors affect organizations' entrepreneurship capacity. In fact, the present paper aims to identify and rank effective factors on organizational entrepreneurship in Mazandaran Province's Fisheries Organization through applied, descriptive– survey methodology. Research population is composed of management and entrepreneurship experts and professionals of Mazandaran Fisheries Organization. This paper, first, reviews related literature. Then, effective factors on entrepreneurship are identified and classified into three groups (behavioral, structural, environmental factors). Required data is collected through Delphi's questionnaire and pair comparisons and are analyzed using Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) and Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP). Results indicate that effective factors on entrepreneurship are prioritized as: behavioral factors, structural factors and environmental factors. It is clear that organizational entrepreneurship is an important concept advantages of which have emerged more significantly, during recent years, to many organizations, firms and business agencies in various subsections such as industry, agriculture and Fishery and this provides organizations with a variety of social and economic benefits.

Given the role of entrepreneurship in the education system, the need for a model in this area is essential for school students. Entrepreneurship in education and upbringing is a regular and continuous process that on the one hand leads to the identification and effective use of all internal and external resources of the educational system and on the other hand, leads to new opportunities for teaching and learning. Entrepreneurial thinking means knowledge transfer Entrepreneurship in order to create start-ups and generally knowledge-based enterprises needs to be institutionalized in the mental structure of young people for implementation. Professionals and graduates of various academic disciplines usually learn educational orientation and social role-playing while studying in schools; therefore, institutionalizing an educational concept requires time and educational investment in the same period of adolescence and student life. In the current era of change and considering the unemployment rate, entrepreneurship is a useful solution that can increase employment and self-employment and thus lead to economic development of countries. In Iran, the integration of entrepreneurship education in the school curriculum enriches learners' learning experiences and increases the link between school, industry and agriculture, as well as the opportunity to test the content and methods of teaching entrepreneurship because of the novelty of the subject. Numerous research findings confirm entrepreneurship education in schools. According to Kirkley (2017), teachers in entrepreneurship education provide students with many benefits, including a direct reduction in the workload of teaching, increased student participation in teaching and learning, and a significant improvement in their academic performance compared to Reported curriculum objectives. The research questions were as follows: 1. What are the disadvantages of student entrepreneurship education? 2-What are the desirable goals of the entrepreneurship education model in educating students? 3-What is the appropriate content of the entrepreneurship education model in student education? 4-What are the appropriate teaching methods in the entrepreneurship education model in students' education? 5. What are the appropriate evaluation methods in student entrepreneurship education? The present research has been quantitative and qualitative. In the qualitative part, the classical foundation data method is used. In the qualitative stage, semi-structured interview tools and narrative research methods were used to develop data collection tools (semi-structured interviews). . The statistical population of the qualitative section included specialists and experts in the field of entrepreneurship education in Tabriz. Through purposive sampling, 13 people were identified as the sample size in the qualitative section. In the qualitative section, semi-structured interview tools have been used to collect information and narrative research method has been used to develop data collection tools (semi-structured interviews). Chi-square test results were higher than 5% in some genders, work experience, job rank and education. Studies have shown that gender, work experience, job rank and education are effective in declaring the importance of the following and in most categories there is no significant difference between the views of men and women. The final components of the entrepreneurship education model for students include the disadvantages of entrepreneurship education, the goals of entrepreneurship education, the content of entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurship teaching methods, and entrepreneurship evaluation methods. In the field of existing hazards of entrepreneurship education in student education, a total of thirteen categories have been identified, including lack of proper management of human resources and lack of entrepreneurial and creative manpower, insufficient allocation and optimal financial resources, information Insufficient knowledge of families in the field of entrepreneurship education, non-risk-taking of families and students, lack of stability in the labor market, insufficient familiarity of teachers and educators with entrepreneurship topics and training, planning Inadequate and unprofessional in the field of entrepreneurship education, lack of codification of current entrepreneurship education, lack of belief and faith of officials and stakeholders in entrepreneurship education, failure to consider individual differences in entrepreneurship education, lack of correct and scientific skills training Entrepreneurship is due to the low level of age and education, the lack of a comprehensive system of entrepreneurship education, and the lack of necessary rules and executive levers in entrepreneurship education. In the field of categories of creating desirable goals, the model of entrepreneurship education in student education has been identified in a total of thirteen categories, which include considering the interest and talent of students, changing the attitude of families to encourage children for technical education and Vocational and skills, interaction of production centers, industry and private sector with schools for entrepreneurship education, attracting faculty of universities in the entrepreneurial core of the education system, strengthening the self-confidence and self-confidence of students in order to Better entrepreneurship education, localization of entrepreneurship education, providing a suitable space and environment for entrepreneurship education, promoting informal entrepreneurship education, government support for entrepreneurship education and creating the necessary facilities in this field, introducing successful models Other countries in the field of entrepreneurship education, determining the indicators and priorities of entrepreneurship education, familiarizing students with important organizations in the country such as labor, industry and stock exchange, etc., acquainting students with the labor market problems of their city. In the field of categories of creating appropriate content, the entrepreneurship education model in student education has been identified in a total of thirteen categories, which include the adaptation of entrepreneurship education to the needs of society, innovation and creativity in the curriculum and entrepreneurship education, education compliance Entrepreneurship with national and international standards, attractiveness and accessibility of entrepreneurship training, emphasis on improving methods and use of team and group training, respect for privacy and privacy Individuals, students' acquaintance with new and internet businesses, continuous improvement and renewal of educational content, freedom in choosing the field of study, offering entrepreneurship units in Farhangian universities, providing internship courses for students in accordance with the field of study, Creating growth and acceleration centers in schools, giving students freedom of action in the content of learning and independence of action. In the field of teaching methods, entrepreneurship education program in the education of secondary school students, a total of thirteen categories have been identified, including having a library equipped with new business textbooks, student participation in the teaching process. Appreciate students 'creativity and dissenting opinions, provide workshops for students' parents to institutionalize entrepreneurial beliefs, emphasize problem-solving ability in the teaching process, and expose students to real-world business conditions. Work, use of appropriate teaching methods such as simulation methods, group games, workshops, interviews with top and successful entrepreneurs, scientific visits and training camps, use of computer software and educational videos, Use of Startup Topics's self-help training, entrepreneur-centered weekly and annual program, and school smartening and use of tutoring facilities. In the field of categories of appropriate evaluation methods in entrepreneurship education in student education, a total of thirteen categories have been identified, including school self-government in recruitment, employment, reward and decision-making system, informing knowledge. Students from out-of-school job opportunities, student labor market and marketing identification, membership in knowledge-based companies or activities in student-based companies, students' risk-taking in businesses, Practical action of students to invent and innovate, evaluation of students' business plan, creation of entrepreneurship exhibitions in schools, desire to start new businesses, holding skill competitions in schools and high schools, creation of markets Charity in schools, holding weekly business and startup competitions in schools, and ongoing monitoring and evaluation of school activities.